Does Toyota 86 Have a Turbo: Performance and Upgrades?

The Toyota 86 doesn’t come standard with a turbocharger from the factory, but it’s a popular modification for enthusiasts looking to boost performance, and millertoyota.net is here to explore every performance upgrade available to you. You can achieve higher horsepower with aftermarket turbo kits or superchargers, and remember to consult millertoyota.net for any maintenance questions. Let’s dive into everything you need to know about turbocharging your Toyota 86 or other performance upgrades.

1. What is the Stock Performance of the Toyota 86?

The Toyota 86 is a sports car celebrated for its balanced handling and engaging driving experience, even if it lacks a turbocharger, so its stock performance provides plenty of fun.

Engine: The Toyota 86 comes with a 2.0-liter naturally aspirated four-cylinder boxer engine. This engine is designed for a linear power delivery, offering a rewarding experience for drivers who enjoy feeling connected to the car.
Horsepower and Torque: The engine produces around 205 horsepower and 156 lb-ft of torque in the manual transmission models. Automatic models have slightly lower figures, around 200 horsepower and 151 lb-ft of torque.
Acceleration: The 0-60 mph time is approximately 6.2 to 6.8 seconds, depending on whether it’s a manual or automatic transmission.
Handling: The Toyota 86 shines in the handling department due to its lightweight design, low center of gravity, and rear-wheel-drive configuration. This makes it a joy to drive on winding roads and at track days.
Driving Experience: The Toyota 86 offers a pure and engaging driving experience. Its responsive steering, communicative chassis, and eager engine make it a favorite among driving enthusiasts.

2. Why Doesn’t the Toyota 86 Have a Turbo From the Factory?

The decision not to include a turbocharger in the Toyota 86 from the factory was a deliberate choice, as this decision was based on several factors:

Cost: Adding a turbocharger increases the cost of the vehicle. Keeping the Toyota 86 affordable was a priority, targeting enthusiasts looking for a budget-friendly sports car.
Weight: Turbochargers add weight, and the Toyota 86 was designed to be lightweight to enhance its handling.
Complexity: Turbocharged engines are more complex, potentially leading to higher maintenance costs and reduced reliability. Toyota aimed for simplicity and reliability in the 86.
Driving Experience: The naturally aspirated engine provides a linear power delivery, which many driving enthusiasts prefer for its predictability and responsiveness.

3. What Are the Benefits of Adding a Turbocharger to a Toyota 86?

Adding a turbocharger to a Toyota 86 can significantly enhance its performance capabilities, resulting in an overall thrilling driving experience. Here are the key advantages:

Increased Horsepower and Torque: A turbocharger can substantially increase the engine’s horsepower and torque output. Gains of 50-100 horsepower are common, transforming the car’s acceleration and overall speed.
Improved Acceleration: With the added power, the 0-60 mph time can be reduced significantly, making the car much quicker off the line and more responsive in overtaking situations.
Enhanced Driving Experience: The increased power and torque can make the Toyota 86 more exciting and fun to drive, especially on the track or winding roads.
Customization: Adding a turbocharger opens the door to further modifications and tuning, allowing owners to tailor the car’s performance to their specific needs and preferences.

4. What Are the Drawbacks of Adding a Turbocharger to a Toyota 86?

While adding a turbocharger can significantly boost the performance of a Toyota 86, there are potential drawbacks to consider:

Cost: Turbocharger kits can be expensive, often costing several thousand dollars, including the cost of installation and tuning.
Complexity: Installing a turbocharger adds complexity to the engine, potentially increasing maintenance costs and reducing reliability if not installed and maintained correctly.
Warranty: Adding a turbocharger can void the factory warranty, as it is a significant modification to the engine.
Potential for Engine Damage: If not properly tuned and maintained, a turbocharger can increase the risk of engine damage, such as overheating or excessive wear.
Changes in Driving Dynamics: The power delivery of a turbocharged engine can be different from a naturally aspirated engine, potentially altering the driving experience and requiring some adaptation from the driver.

5. What Are Some Popular Turbocharger Kits for the Toyota 86?

Several reputable manufacturers offer turbocharger kits for the Toyota 86, each with its own set of features and performance characteristics. Here are some popular options:

Turbocharger Kit	Manufacturer	Key Features	Estimated Horsepower Gain
GReddy Turbo Kit	GReddy	High-quality components, reliable performance, comprehensive kit	70-100 hp
Full Blown Motorsports	Full Blown Motorsports	Precision turbocharger, front mount intercooler, stainless steel piping	80-120 hp
BorgWarner EFR	Delicious Tuning	EFR turbocharger, excellent spool-up, custom tuning options	75-110 hp
AVO Turboworld Kit	AVO Turboworld	Bolt-on kit, front mount intercooler, all necessary hardware	60-90 hp
Invidia Turbo Kit	Invidia	Designed for easy installation, good balance of performance and reliability	65-95 hp

These kits typically include all the necessary components for installation, such as the turbocharger, intercooler, piping, fuel injectors, and engine management system. Professional installation and tuning are highly recommended to ensure optimal performance and reliability.

6. How Much Does It Cost to Install a Turbocharger on a Toyota 86?

The cost of installing a turbocharger on a Toyota 86 can vary widely depending on several factors:

Turbocharger Kit: The price of the turbocharger kit itself can range from $3,000 to $7,000, depending on the brand, quality, and included components.
Installation Labor: Professional installation can cost anywhere from $1,500 to $3,000, depending on the complexity of the kit and the labor rates of the shop.
Tuning: After installation, the engine needs to be properly tuned to ensure optimal performance and reliability. Tuning can cost $500 to $1,500, depending on the tuning method and the tuner’s expertise.
Additional Components: You may need to upgrade other components, such as the fuel system, exhaust, and clutch, to handle the increased power. These upgrades can add another $500 to $2,000 to the total cost.

Overall, you can expect to spend between $5,000 and $12,000 to install a turbocharger on your Toyota 86, including the kit, installation, tuning, and additional upgrades.

7. What Other Performance Upgrades Can Be Done to a Toyota 86?

Besides turbocharging, there are numerous other performance upgrades that can enhance the Toyota 86’s capabilities:

Exhaust System: Upgrading to a cat-back or full exhaust system can improve exhaust flow, increasing horsepower and torque while also enhancing the car’s sound.
Intake System: Installing a cold air intake or short ram intake can improve airflow to the engine, resulting in increased power and throttle response.
ECU Tuning: Tuning the engine’s ECU (Engine Control Unit) can optimize the air-fuel ratio, ignition timing, and other parameters to maximize performance.
Suspension Upgrades: Upgrading the suspension with coilovers, lowering springs, or sway bars can improve handling and reduce body roll.
Brake Upgrades: Upgrading the brakes with larger rotors, performance pads, and stainless steel lines can improve braking performance and reduce brake fade.
Wheels and Tires: Upgrading to lighter wheels and stickier tires can improve handling, traction, and overall performance.

8. How Does Turbocharging Affect the Reliability of a Toyota 86?

Turbocharging a Toyota 86 can affect its reliability if not done correctly. Here are several factors to consider:

Quality of Components: Using high-quality turbocharger kits and components from reputable manufacturers is crucial for reliability.
Professional Installation: Proper installation by experienced technicians is essential to ensure that all components are correctly installed and that the engine is properly sealed.
Tuning: Proper tuning is critical to ensure that the engine is running optimally and not under excessive stress. A professional tuner can adjust the air-fuel ratio, ignition timing, and other parameters to maximize performance while maintaining reliability.
Maintenance: Regular maintenance, including oil changes, spark plug replacements, and inspections, is essential to keep the turbocharged engine running smoothly.
Driving Habits: Aggressive driving habits, such as frequent hard acceleration and high-speed driving, can put additional stress on the engine and reduce its lifespan.

With proper care and maintenance, a turbocharged Toyota 86 can be reliable, but it’s essential to be aware of the potential risks and take steps to mitigate them.

9. Are There Any Alternatives to Turbocharging a Toyota 86?

Yes, there are several alternatives to turbocharging a Toyota 86 for those looking to increase its performance:

Supercharging: Supercharging is another method of forced induction that can increase horsepower and torque. Superchargers are generally easier to install than turbochargers and provide more immediate power delivery.
Engine Swap: An engine swap involves replacing the original engine with a more powerful one. Popular options include swapping in a Subaru WRX engine or a V8 engine.
Nitrous Oxide: Nitrous oxide injection can provide a temporary boost in power. It is a relatively inexpensive option but requires careful management and is not suitable for sustained use.
Naturally Aspirated Upgrades: As mentioned earlier, upgrading the exhaust, intake, ECU, and other components can improve the performance of the naturally aspirated engine without forced induction.

Each of these alternatives has its own set of pros and cons, and the best option will depend on your specific needs and budget.

10. What is the Difference Between a Turbocharger and a Supercharger?

Turbochargers and superchargers are both forced induction systems that increase an engine’s power by compressing more air into the cylinders. However, they operate differently:

Turbocharger: A turbocharger is powered by the exhaust gases exiting the engine. The exhaust gases spin a turbine, which in turn spins a compressor that forces more air into the engine. Turbochargers are generally more efficient than superchargers because they use waste energy from the exhaust.
Supercharger: A supercharger is mechanically driven by the engine, typically via a belt connected to the crankshaft. The supercharger compresses air and forces it into the engine. Superchargers provide more immediate power delivery than turbochargers but are less efficient because they draw power directly from the engine.

Here’s a table summarizing the key differences:

Feature	Turbocharger	Supercharger
Power Source	Exhaust gases	Engine (via belt)
Efficiency	More efficient	Less efficient
Power Delivery	Slight lag, then strong power	Immediate power
Installation	More complex	Simpler
Sound	Distinctive turbo whistle	Whining sound
Heat	Generates more heat	Generates less heat
Maintenance	Can be more complex due to more components	Generally simpler
Common Issues	Turbo lag, potential for heat management issues	Potential for belt slippage, parasitic draw

Both turbochargers and superchargers can significantly increase an engine’s power, but they offer different driving experiences and have their own sets of advantages and disadvantages.

11. How Do I Choose the Right Turbocharger Kit for My Toyota 86?

Choosing the right turbocharger kit for your Toyota 86 involves considering several factors to ensure that the kit meets your performance goals, budget, and technical capabilities. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you make the right decision:

1. Define Your Goals

Intended Use: Determine how you primarily use your Toyota 86. Is it for daily driving, weekend track days, or competitive racing? Different kits are designed for different purposes.
Power Goals: Decide how much additional horsepower you want to achieve. This will help narrow down your options, as different kits offer varying levels of power gains.
Driving Style: Consider your driving style. Do you prefer immediate power delivery or a strong top-end rush? This will influence whether a turbocharger or supercharger is more suitable.

2. Research Available Kits

Read Reviews: Look for reviews and feedback from other Toyota 86 owners who have installed turbocharger kits. This can provide valuable insights into the performance, reliability, and overall satisfaction of different kits.
Consult Forums: Visit online forums and communities dedicated to the Toyota 86. These forums often have discussions about turbocharger kits, installation experiences, and tuning advice.
Check Manufacturer Websites: Visit the websites of reputable turbocharger kit manufacturers to gather detailed information about their products, including specifications, features, and installation instructions.

3. Evaluate Kit Components

Turbocharger Quality: Ensure that the kit includes a high-quality turbocharger from a reputable brand like Garrett, BorgWarner, or Precision Turbo. The turbocharger is the heart of the kit, so its quality is crucial.
Intercooler: Check the intercooler design and size. A larger, more efficient intercooler will help keep intake air temperatures down, maximizing power and reducing the risk of heat soak.
Piping: Look for stainless steel or aluminum piping with smooth bends to ensure optimal airflow. The quality of the piping can affect the kit’s performance and durability.
Fuel Injectors and Fuel Pump: Determine if the kit includes upgraded fuel injectors and a fuel pump. These are necessary to provide the additional fuel required by the turbocharged engine.
Engine Management System: Check if the kit includes an engine management system (EMS) or piggyback controller. A proper EMS is essential for tuning the engine and ensuring reliable performance.

4. Consider Installation and Tuning

Installation Complexity: Evaluate the complexity of the installation process. Some kits are designed for DIY installation, while others require professional installation.
Tuning Requirements: Determine if the kit requires custom tuning. Custom tuning can optimize the engine’s performance but adds to the overall cost.
Professional Assistance: Decide if you will install the kit yourself or hire a professional. Professional installation ensures that the kit is installed correctly and can help avoid potential issues.

5. Budget Considerations

Kit Cost: Compare the prices of different turbocharger kits. Keep in mind that the cheapest option may not always be the best in terms of quality and performance.
Installation Costs: Factor in the cost of professional installation if you choose not to install the kit yourself.
Tuning Costs: Include the cost of custom tuning in your budget.
Additional Upgrades: Consider the cost of any additional upgrades that may be required, such as a new exhaust system, clutch, or brakes.

6. Consult with Experts

Talk to Mechanics: Consult with experienced mechanics or tuners who have worked with Toyota 86 turbocharger kits. They can provide valuable advice and recommendations based on their experience.
Seek Recommendations: Ask for recommendations from other Toyota 86 owners who have installed turbocharger kits. They can share their experiences and help you choose the right kit for your needs.

By following these steps, you can make an informed decision and choose the right turbocharger kit for your Toyota 86. Remember to prioritize quality, reliability, and compatibility to ensure that you achieve your performance goals without compromising the car’s overall integrity.

12. Will Adding a Turbo Affect My Car Insurance?

Yes, adding a turbocharger or any significant performance modification can affect your car insurance rates. Insurance companies assess risk based on the likelihood of an accident and the potential cost of damages. Modifications that increase the vehicle’s performance capabilities can lead to higher premiums because they may increase the risk of accidents.

Here’s how adding a turbocharger can affect your car insurance:

Increased Risk: A turbocharged engine increases the car’s horsepower and speed, which can encourage more aggressive driving. Insurance companies see this as an increased risk of accidents.
Higher Premiums: Because of the increased risk, insurance companies may raise your premiums to cover the potential costs of an accident.
Policy Changes: Some insurance companies may require you to adjust your policy to account for the modifications. This could involve adding specific endorsements or riders to your policy.
Coverage Denial: Some insurance companies may deny coverage altogether if you have made significant modifications to your car.
Disclosure Requirements: You are typically required to disclose any modifications to your insurance company. Failing to do so could result in your policy being voided in the event of an accident.

To avoid any surprises, it’s essential to contact your insurance company before making any modifications to your car. Ask them how the modifications will affect your policy and what steps you need to take to ensure that you remain covered.

Here are some steps you can take to manage the insurance implications of adding a turbocharger:

Contact Your Insurer: Talk to your insurance company before making any modifications.
Get a Quote: Ask for a quote that includes the modifications.
Shop Around: Compare rates from different insurance companies to find the best coverage at the best price.
Consider Specialty Insurance: Look into specialty insurance companies that cater to modified vehicles.

Adding a turbocharger can significantly enhance your car’s performance, but it’s essential to be aware of the potential impact on your insurance rates and take steps to manage the risks.

13. What Are the Best Practices for Maintaining a Turbocharged Toyota 86?

Maintaining a turbocharged Toyota 86 requires more attention than a naturally aspirated one due to the added complexity and stress on the engine. Here are the best practices to ensure your turbocharged Toyota 86 remains reliable and performs optimally:

1. Regular Oil Changes

Frequency: Change the oil more frequently than recommended for a stock engine, typically every 3,000 to 5,000 miles.
Type: Use high-quality synthetic oil that meets or exceeds the manufacturer’s specifications. Synthetic oil provides better protection for the turbocharger and engine components under high-stress conditions.

2. Air Filter Maintenance

Inspection: Regularly inspect the air filter and replace it as needed. A clean air filter ensures optimal airflow to the turbocharger and engine.
Replacement: Replace the air filter every 12,000 to 15,000 miles, or more frequently if you drive in dusty conditions.

3. Spark Plug Maintenance

Inspection: Inspect the spark plugs regularly for wear and replace them as needed.
Replacement: Replace the spark plugs every 20,000 to 30,000 miles, or as recommended by the turbocharger kit manufacturer.

4. Coolant System Maintenance

Inspection: Regularly inspect the coolant level and condition.
Flush: Flush the coolant system every 2 to 3 years to remove deposits and maintain optimal cooling efficiency.
Type: Use a high-quality coolant that meets the manufacturer’s specifications.

5. Turbocharger Inspection

Visual Inspection: Periodically inspect the turbocharger for any signs of damage, such as cracks, leaks, or excessive play in the turbine shaft.
Professional Inspection: Have the turbocharger professionally inspected every 50,000 to 60,000 miles to ensure it is in good working condition.

6. Boost Monitoring

Install a Boost Gauge: Install a boost gauge to monitor the turbocharger’s boost pressure. This can help you detect any issues early on.
Watch for Overboost: Avoid overboosting the engine, as this can cause damage.

7. Warm-Up and Cool-Down Procedures

Warm-Up: Allow the engine to warm up for a few minutes before driving aggressively. This allows the oil to circulate and lubricate the turbocharger and engine components.
Cool-Down: After driving, let the engine idle for a few minutes to allow the turbocharger to cool down. This prevents oil coking and extends the life of the turbocharger.

8. Fuel System Maintenance

Fuel Filter: Replace the fuel filter regularly to ensure a clean fuel supply to the engine.
Fuel Injectors: Have the fuel injectors professionally cleaned or replaced as needed to maintain optimal fuel delivery.

9. Exhaust System Inspection

Leaks: Inspect the exhaust system for leaks, as these can affect the turbocharger’s performance.
Damage: Check the exhaust system for any signs of damage, such as cracks or corrosion.

10. Professional Tuning and Adjustments

Regular Check-Ups: Schedule regular check-ups with a qualified tuner to ensure that the engine is running optimally and that the tune is still appropriate for your driving conditions.
Adjustments: Make any necessary adjustments to the tune based on the tuner’s recommendations.

By following these best practices, you can help ensure that your turbocharged Toyota 86 remains reliable and performs optimally for years to come. Regular maintenance, high-quality components, and professional tuning are key to maximizing the life and performance of your turbocharged engine.

14. What Are Some Common Problems With Turbocharged Engines and How Can They Be Prevented?

Turbocharged engines, while offering significant performance gains, can be susceptible to certain problems if not properly maintained. Here are some common issues and how to prevent them:

Common Problem	Description	Prevention Tips
Turbo Lag	Delay in power delivery due to the time it takes for the turbocharger to spool up.	Use a smaller turbocharger, reduce exhaust backpressure, optimize engine tuning, and consider anti-lag systems.
Oil Coking	Oil breaks down and forms deposits in the turbocharger due to high temperatures after the engine is shut off.	Allow the engine to idle for a few minutes after driving to cool down the turbocharger, use high-quality synthetic oil, and ensure proper oil circulation.
Overheating	Turbocharged engines generate more heat, which can lead to overheating if the cooling system is inadequate.	Use a high-quality coolant, ensure the cooling system is properly maintained, consider upgrading the radiator, and monitor engine temperatures.
Boost Creep	Uncontrolled increase in boost pressure due to inadequate wastegate control.	Ensure the wastegate is properly sized and functioning, use a boost controller, and optimize engine tuning.
Compressor Surge	Occurs when air pressure builds up in front of the compressor, causing the turbocharger to stall and vibrate.	Use a properly sized turbocharger, optimize engine tuning, and consider using a blow-off valve or diverter valve.
Wastegate Failure	The wastegate fails to regulate boost pressure, leading to overboosting or underboosting.	Inspect the wastegate regularly, ensure it is properly lubricated, and replace it as needed.
Turbocharger Seal Failure	Oil leaks from the turbocharger due to worn or damaged seals.	Use high-quality synthetic oil, ensure proper oil pressure, and replace the turbocharger if the seals are damaged.
Detonation	Uncontrolled combustion in the engine cylinders due to high temperatures and pressures.	Use high-octane fuel, optimize engine tuning, and ensure proper air-fuel ratio.
Exhaust Leaks	Leaks in the exhaust system can affect turbocharger performance and lead to other issues.	Inspect the exhaust system regularly, ensure all connections are tight, and replace any damaged components.
Intercooler Issues	The intercooler can become clogged or damaged, reducing its efficiency.	Inspect the intercooler regularly, clean it as needed, and replace it if it is damaged.

By being aware of these common problems and taking steps to prevent them, you can help ensure that your turbocharged engine remains reliable and performs optimally for years to come.

15. What Are the Legal Considerations for Modifying a Car With a Turbocharger?

Modifying a car with a turbocharger can have legal implications that vary depending on local, state, and federal regulations. It’s essential to be aware of these considerations to ensure that your modifications comply with the law. Here are some key legal aspects to consider:

Emissions Regulations: Many jurisdictions have strict emissions regulations that limit the amount of pollutants a vehicle can produce. Adding a turbocharger can affect your car’s emissions, potentially causing it to fail emissions tests.
- Compliance: Ensure that your turbocharger kit is CARB (California Air Resources Board) compliant if you live in California or a state that follows California emissions standards. CARB-compliant kits have been tested and approved to meet emissions standards.
- Testing: Be prepared to have your car tested for emissions after installing a turbocharger.
Safety Standards: Modifications can affect the safety of your vehicle.
- Compliance: Ensure that your modifications comply with all applicable safety standards. This may include brake upgrades, suspension modifications, and other safety-related improvements.
- Inspection: Be prepared to have your car inspected for safety after installing a turbocharger.
Noise Regulations: Many areas have noise regulations that limit the amount of noise a vehicle can produce.
- Compliance: Ensure that your exhaust system complies with local noise regulations. Some exhaust systems are louder than others, so choose one that meets the legal requirements.
Insurance Regulations: As mentioned earlier, modifications can affect your car insurance rates and coverage.
- Disclosure: Inform your insurance company of any modifications you have made to your car. Failure to do so could result in your policy being voided in the event of an accident.
Warranty Regulations: Modifications can void your car’s warranty.
- Awareness: Be aware that adding a turbocharger may void your car’s warranty, especially if the modification causes damage to the engine or other components.

Before modifying your car with a turbocharger, it’s a good idea to research local, state, and federal regulations to ensure that your modifications comply with the law. You may also want to consult with a qualified mechanic or tuner who is familiar with these regulations.

Disclaimer: I am only an AI Chatbot. Consult with a qualified mechanic or tuner about local, state, and federal regulations. Regulations vary depending on where you live.

FAQ About Turbocharging Toyota 86

Here are some frequently asked questions about turbocharging a Toyota 86:

Is it worth turbocharging a Toyota 86?

Whether it’s worth turbocharging depends on your goals and budget. It significantly increases power and driving excitement but also adds cost and complexity. If you’re looking for a substantial performance boost and are willing to invest in it, it can be worth it.
How much horsepower can a Toyota 86 handle with a turbo?

With proper supporting modifications and tuning, a Toyota 86 can handle around 300-350 horsepower reliably. Exceeding this range may require more extensive upgrades to the engine internals.
Will turbocharging void my Toyota 86’s warranty?

Yes, turbocharging will likely void the factory warranty on affected components, such as the engine and drivetrain.
Can I install a turbocharger kit myself?

If you have experience with car modifications and access to the necessary tools, you may be able to install a turbocharger kit yourself. However, professional installation is highly recommended to ensure proper fitment and tuning.
How much does it cost to maintain a turbocharged Toyota 86?

Maintaining a turbocharged Toyota 86 can be more expensive than maintaining a stock one due to the need for more frequent oil changes, spark plug replacements, and turbocharger inspections.
What is the best turbocharger kit for a Toyota 86?

The best turbocharger kit depends on your specific goals and budget. Some popular options include GReddy, Full Blown Motorsports, and AVO Turboworld kits.
Will turbocharging affect my Toyota 86’s fuel economy?

Turbocharging can affect fuel economy, especially if you frequently use the added power. Under normal driving conditions, the impact on fuel economy may be minimal, but aggressive driving can significantly reduce fuel efficiency.
What other modifications are needed when turbocharging a Toyota 86?

Besides the turbocharger kit itself, you may need to upgrade the fuel system, exhaust, clutch, and engine management system to handle the increased power.
Is supercharging a better option than turbocharging for a Toyota 86?

Supercharging offers more immediate power delivery and can be easier to install, while turbocharging is generally more efficient and can provide higher peak power gains. The best option depends on your preferences and driving style.
Where can I find a reputable shop to install and tune my Toyota 86’s turbocharger?

You can find reputable shops through online forums, recommendations from other Toyota 86 owners, and by checking reviews and ratings on websites like Google and Yelp.

Ready to explore the potential of your Toyota 86? Visit millertoyota.net today to discover the latest models, service options, and performance upgrades available at Miller Toyota in Boise. Our expert team is here to help you find the perfect vehicle and keep it running at its best. Contact us now to schedule a test drive or service appointment. Address: 208 N Maple Grove Rd, Boise, ID 83704, United States. Phone: +1 (208) 376-8888. Website: millertoyota.net.